Memorandum concerning agriculture and revenue administration in district Dhar
Memorandum of revenue collection practices and information about agriculture in district (pargana) Dhar, including rupee amounts for crops of different qualities and dues to the record-keeper (qanungo).
Functional document type: Administrative Records
Formal document type: Yadi
Themes: Agriculture, Records, Taxation and Tribute
Date:
Suhur calendar: Shaʿban 1220
Fasli calendar: 1227
Gregorian calendar:
1820
[Page 1r]
invocation (top centre): Marathi
श्री
Shri
main text: Marathi
1यादी धार प्रगण्यातील रीत सु||
2
आशेरीन मयातैन व अलफ
सन
१२२७
3माहे साबान उर्फ अधीक जेष्ठ मास
4
___ ___ रुपये
5१ मका दर बीघा
6५ उतम ४ मध्यम
7३ कनीष्ठ .।-- खर्च
8१ अफीण
9५ उतम ४ मध्यम
10३ कनीष्ठ २
11.।-- खर्च
12१ बाड
13५ काला बीघा ४ सफेत बीघा
14३ बाशा वगैरे .|-- खर्च
15३
२||
२
[Page 2r]
16१ साल
17५ उतम पुन्यासी ४ मध्यम
18३ कनिष्ठ देवगडी .|-- खर्च
19१ आलसांद
20५ उतम ४ मध्यम
21.|-- खर्च
22१ मसूर
23१| उतम १ मध्यम
24.|-- खर्च १ .|||.
25१ गहू
26१| उतम १ मध्यम
27.|-- खर्च १ .|||.
[Page 3r]
28१ चणे
29१| उतम ४ मध्यम
30.|-- खर्च १ .|||.
31१ आलसी
32१| उतम १ मध्यम
33.|-- खर्च १ .|||.
34१ डवार तूर मुग
35१| उतम १ मध्यम
36.|||. कनीष्ट .|-- खर्च
37१ चमेली
38१| उतम १ मध्यम
39.|-- खर्च
[Page 4r]
40१ तील
41१| उतम १ मध्यम
42.|-- खर्च
43१ अजवान
44१|| उतम १| मध्यम
45.|-- खर्च [Page 5r]
46१ आदरख
47५ उतम ४ मध्यम
48.|-- खर्च
49१ हलद
50५ उतम ४ मध्यम
51.|-- खर्च
52१ मिरच्या
53५ उतम ४ मध्यम
54.|-- खर्च ० लंग [Page 6r]
55१ सकरकंद
56५ उतम ४ मध्यम
57.|-- खर्च
58१ रागणी
59५ उतम ४ मध्यम
60.|-- खर्च
61१ ठाकुर व कानगो याचा हाक दस्तुर
62वगैरे
63१ दामी गावचा आकडा जमाबं-
64दी प्रो|| सरकारचा ठरेल त्यात
65शेकडा रुपये ५
66३ मडलोई २ कानगो
67१ सीवाय भेट दर गावी ठाकुर व
[Page 7r]
68कानगो व त्याचे कारभारी सुधा
69
९ कानगो ९ ठाकुर
70१ गावगना जीरायत आहे त्याचा
71तपसील अलाहीदा पत्रकावर बी-
72घे आहेत.
73३००० मडलोई २००० कानगो
74१ दंडफुराई सरकारची ठरेल त्या
75आकड्याची चौथाई परभारे घे-
76तात.
77.||. कानगो .||. ठाकुर
[Page 8r]
78१ चांभार बाई याजकडे दर गावी
79.||. मडलोई .||. कानगो
80१ ककरजी ठरेल त्याची चौथाई पर-
81भारे घेतात ठाकुर व कानगो
82१ मडलोई याजकडे चौथाई
83१ कानगो यानी बर-
84हुकुमास रुपया १
85वर्षात
86१ साठेराकडे हक ठाकुर याचा दर शेकडा
87रुपये १२||
प्रो|
[Page 9r]
88१ इनामी गाव
89२ ठाकुर
90१ मो|
धामणदा
91१ मो|
पाडल्या
92--
93२
94१ मो|
कलसाडा कानगो
95--
96३
97१ गावगन्ना सरकारची जमा ठरेल त्याजवर
98जमेदारी व बाबती दर शेकडा रुपये ५
प्रो|
99घेतात तीसरे साली पेसकसी हजार दोन ह-
100जार आमदानी पाहून सरकारात घेतात कलम
101१ पाटील गावगनाचे याजकडे खाती बाग ई-
102नाम जमीन गाव पाहून पंचवीस
पनास
103बीघे आहे
…
104तीसरे साली अजमास पाहून घेतात
[Page 10r]
105१ पटवारी गावगना राहाता त्याची ये-
106कदर बीघा
…
पाच शेर
107आहे. ती कीरसाणाजवळून घेता ती-
108सरे साली साडे तीन तीन अडीच या प्रो|
109 अमल सरकारात घेता कलम
110१ सन
१२०७
साली जरीब गावगना जाल [जाला]
111त्याचा तपसीलवार पत्रक अलाहीदा
112पाठवीली आहेत यासीवाय जंगल गर्म व
113गोवच्या व डोंगर व नाले व तलाव वगैरे जरी-
114बात नाही म्हणोन कलम समजले सागावे
1List of practices in Dhar pargana. In the Suhur year
2twenty, two hundred and one thousand [i.e., 1220], or the year 12271
3in the month of Shaʿban, or Adhik Jyeshta.
4 ___ ___ Rupees
51 Corn, each bigha
65 superior 4 middling
73 inferior ¼ [rupees], 2 [annas] expenses
81 Opium
95 superior 4 middling
103 inferior 2 [gap in document]
11¼ [rupees], 2 [annas] expenses
121 Pulse
135 black bighas 4 white bighas
143 [gap] ¼ [rupees], 2 [annas] expenses
153 2 ½ 2
161 Sal
175 superior 4 middling
183 inferior ¼ [rupees], 2 [annas] expenses
191 Black-eyed bean
205 superior 4 middling
21¼ [rupees], 2 [annas] expenses
221 Masur
231 ¼ superior 1 middling
24¼ [rupees], 2 [annas] expenses ¾
251 Wheat
261 ¼ superior 1 middling
27¼ [rupees], 2 [annas] expenses ¾
281 Chickpea
291 ¼ superior 4 middling
30¼ [rupees], 2 [annas] expenses ¾
311 Flax
321 ¼ superior 1 middling
33¼ [rupees], 2 [annas] expenses ¾
341 [Davar], Toor, Mung
351 ¼ superior 1 middling
36¾ inferior ¼ [rupees], 2 [annas] expenses
371 Jasmine
381 ¼ superior 1 middling
39¼ [rupees], 2 [annas] expenses
401 Sesame
411 ¼ superior 1 middling
42¼ [rupees], 2[annas] expenses
431 Ajwain
441 ½ superior 1 ¼ middling
45¼ [rupees], 2 [annas] expenses
461 Ginger
475 superior 4 middling
48¼ [rupees], 2 [annas] expenses
491 Turmeric
505 superior 4 middling
51¼ [rupees], 2 [annas] expenses
521 Chili
535 superior 4 middling
54¼ [rupees], 2 [annas] expenses 0 no more
551 Sweet potato
565 superior 4 middling
57¼ [rupees], 2 [annas] expenses
581 [Ragani]
595 superior 5 middling
60¼ [rupees], 2 [annas] expenses
611 Rights, perquisites, etc., of the thakur and qanungo,
62etc.
631 According to the general assessment,
64the amount of arrears due to government from each village will be fixed.
65Out of every hundred rupees, 5
663 mandloi 2 qanungo
671 In addition, a visitation-offering from each village to the thakur
68and qanungo and his assistants also
699 qanungo 9 thakur
701 Each village [has] agricultural land. Its
71details [are written] on a separate list
72in bighas.
733000 mandloi 2000 qanungo
741 Government fines will be fixed. Of that
75amount, a quarter is taken by
76others.
77½ qanungo ½ thakur
781 To the Chambhar woman from each village
79½ mandloi ½ qanungo
801 [Kakarji] will be fixed. Of that, a quarter
81is taken by others, [namely] the thakur and the qanungo
821 To mandloi, one quarter
831 qanungo according to
84orders [takes] one rupee
85in a year
861 The right to [sathora]. Out of every hundred,
8712 1/2 rupees
881 Inʿam villages
892 thakur
901 village Dhamanda
911 village Padalya
92--
932
941 village Kalsada, qanungo
95--
963
971 The government’s revenue from each village will be fixed. On that,
98the jamedari and babti, viz. out of every hundred rupees 5
99are taken. Every third year, a pishkash of a thousand or two
100thousand will be taken by the government in a flourishing season. Item.
1011 To each village’s patil for non-agricultural use,
102there are inʿam lands [in the amount of] twenty-five or fifty
103bighas
…
104Every third year, an estimate will be made, and it will be taken.
1051 [Belonging to] the patwari who resides in each village, are in total
106bighas
…
five shers.
107Taking [this] from the cultivators
108every third year [in the following manner]: three and a half, [then] three, [then] two and a half, [etc.,] in this fashion
109it will be implemented by the government. Item.
1101 In the year 1207, the land-survey happened in each village.
111It has been sent separately in a detailed statement.
112Besides that, jungle
…
and
…
113and hills and streams and lakes etc.
114are not in the land-survey, so [this] item is understood. And should be told
…
Notes
1. 1227 appears to be a Fasli year; however, it does not correspond to the Suhur year 1220 written earlier in the document using terms derived from the Arabic words for numbers. Whereas Shaʿban 1227 converts to June/July 1817 of the Gregorian calendar, Shaʿban 1220 yields a date of May/June 1820. The document also references the Hindu intercalary month Adhik Jyeshta, which is inserted to reconcile lunar and solar modes of reckoning time. Within the period in question, the months Adhik Jyeshta and Shaʿban coincided at the end of the Suhur year 1220; hence, we determine that the document is most accurately dated to May/June 1820. [BACK]
district
a measure of land, corresponding to between 1600 and 3200 acres depending upon the region
a measure of land, corresponding to between 1600 and 3200 acres depending upon the region
a measure of land, corresponding to between 1600 and 3200 acres depending upon the region
a species of tree (corresponds to the scientific name shorea robusta; source of timber)
a type of legume
a type of lentil
a type of legume
an honorific title, often referring to a Rajput landlord or chief (also used to honour Hindu deities in Rajasthan)
record-keeper (similar to deshpande)
landlord (similar to chaudhri, desai, deshmukh)
record-keeper (similar to deshpande)
an honorific title, often referring to a Rajput landlord or chief (also used to honour Hindu deities in Rajasthan)
record-keeper (similar to deshpande)
record-keeper (similar to deshpande)
an honorific title, often referring to a Rajput landlord or chief (also used to honour Hindu deities in Rajasthan)
a measure of land, corresponding to between 1600 and 3200 acres depending upon the region
landlord (similar to chaudhri, desai, deshmukh)
record-keeper (similar to deshpande)
record-keeper (similar to deshpande)
an honorific title, often referring to a Rajput landlord or chief (also used to honour Hindu deities in Rajasthan)
landlord (similar to chaudhri, desai, deshmukh)
record-keeper (similar to deshpande)
an honorific title, often referring to a Rajput landlord or chief (also used to honour Hindu deities in Rajasthan)
record-keeper (similar to deshpande)
landlord (similar to chaudhri, desai, deshmukh)
record-keeper (similar to deshpande)
reward, grant of tax-free land
an honorific title, often referring to a Rajput landlord or chief (also used to honour Hindu deities in Rajasthan)
record-keeper (similar to deshpande)
office of a jamadar (may also correspond to dues paid to soldiers hired to protect crops from invading armies)
any additional item of revenue
tribute
village headman
reward, grant of tax-free land
a measure of land, corresponding to between 1600 and 3200 acres depending upon the region
village accountant (similar to a kulkarni)
a measure of land, corresponding to between 1600 and 3200 acres depending upon the region
a measure of weight (also refers to deductions made by revenue officials from grain paid as tax-in-kind to government)
Participants
Language(s)
Marathi
Source
Choudhary Family Collection, Bada Raola Dhar, no shelfmark
Archival Collection: Purshottam Das collection
Transcribed from manuscript image.
Edited by Dominic Vendell
Encoding support and website development by Lizzy Williamson, Eva Bodenschatz, Richard Holding, Julia Hopkin and Gary Stringer